It is typically dark color, such as dark brown, black or purplish red. GLASSY TEXTURE 1971). These voids are the relics of gas bubbles that were present in lava during solidification of the rock. Figure 1: Photograph of vesicular basalt 15016. (1977), Rhodes and Hubbard (1973) and Lunar Sample 15016 is a highly-vesicular, olivine­ normative, basalt with a major element composition similar to that of non-vesicular basalt 15555 (figure 1). The top of a lava flow is made up of a highly vesicular, rubbly material known as scoria. The vesicle size varies across the sample (4-8 mm), but the grain size of the minerals doesn’t vary. Composition Most Common Minerals Rock Name; felsic: glass (may contain a few minerals typical of felsic rocks) pumice: mafic: glass (may contain a few mineral typical of mafic rocks) scoria: Note: Basalt with fewer holes, known as vesicles, is called vesicular basalt. These samples are all very vesicular; up to 30% (figures 1, 2, 7, 9, 10). Vesicular basalt (3.1 cm across at its widest) Igneous rocks form by the cooling & crystallization of hot, molten rock (magma & lava). Scoria has more holes and may be black or red in color. It has the appearance of vesicular lava. Most scoria is basaltic or andesitic in composition. Due to low trace element content they grouped 71037 with “Type B Apollo 17 basalts”. Most igneous rocks have a crystalline texture, but some are clastic, vesicular, frothy, or glassy. Scoria is vesicular and dark colored igneous rock that have or have not contain any crystals. • Two main groups of Basalts; amygdaloidal and vesicular basalts. The term scoria is used for a highly vesicular basalt which is more vesicle and less rock (and so quite lightweight, low density), while vesicular basalt is often used for a sample that is more dense with a smaller fraction of vesicles than rock. Volcanic rocks are named according to both their chemical composition and texture. Introduction . Basalt is a very common volcanic rock with low silica content. A vesicle is a small cavity in a volcanic rock that was formed by the expansion of a bubble of gas that was trapped inside the lava. A 15-centimeter (5.9 in) piece of pumice supported by a rolled U.S. $20 bill demonstrates its very low density. • Petrophysical behavior is strongly dependent on degree of oxidation & alteration. samples (basalts) exposed (Swann et al. High and low titanium basalts. old. high-Ti basalt. 15556 is a very vesicular, olivine-normative mare basalt. Vesicular basalt occurs naturally in the Salt-Gila Basin at … The texture is described as “plagioclase-poikilitic” (Neal and Taylor 1993). The sample is ~3.4 b.y. The variation among such rocks is continuous, so any distinction among categories is arbitrary. The petrophysical behaviour & petrographical descriptions of amygdaloidal basalt. 923.7. grams . Basalt Basalt is a mafic extrusive rock, is the most widespread of all igneous rocks, and comprises more than 90% of all volcanic rocks. Vesicular olivine basalt from La Palma (green phenocrysts are olivine). Cube is 1 inch. NASA# S71-46632. Petrography . Because of its relatively low silica content, basalt lava has a comparatively low viscosity, and forms thin flows that can travel long distances. Vugs extend up to 12 mm. If this happens at or near the land surface, or on the seafloor, they are extrusive igneous rocks. • Vesicular basalt is rich in calcic-plagioclase, augite, olivine and amygdales. Vesicular basalt is a mafic volcanic rock characterized by several exterior and internal cavities. Basalt rocks are in some cases classified after their titanium (Ti) content in High-Ti and Low-Ti varieties. If this happens deep underground, they are intrusive igneous rocks. High-Ti and Low-Ti basalts have been distinguished in the Paraná and Etendeka traps a nd the Emeishan Traps.. 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