As all government offices, this too is a run down place. The Additional Deputy Commissioner enjoys the same powers as that of Deputy Commissioner under the rules. Our Indians are evidently in that state of nature which has passed the association of a single family, and not yet submitted to authority of positive laws, or any acknowledged magistrate. 863.47 KB. As a former U.S. Magistrate Judge (2001-2006) and president of the Federal Bar Association (FBA), I put a high priority on highlighting and educating federal judges and practitioners, as well as members of the federal executive and legislative branches, about the quintessential role Magistrate Judges play in our system of justice. 2) if Registration has not been done within one year; the registration can be made any time by submitting the affidavit before first class magistrate or executive magistrate. Section 107 Cr.P.C. List of District Judges (Magistrates' Court) including Circuit and date of appointment. Assistant Public Prosecutors. If a magistrate, an assembly or the senate did not comply with the orders of a tribune, the tribune could 'interpose the sacrosanctity of his person' (intercessio) to physically stop that particular action. Tribunes, by virtue of their sacrosanctity as the representatives of the people, could veto anything or anyone. For example, two consuls always served together. [1] Dictators had more "major powers" than any other magistrate, and thus they outranked all other magistrates; but were originally intended only to be a temporary tool for times of state emergency. The last ordinary dictator was appointed in 202 BC. [28] The office was not on the cursus honorum, and therefore did not mark the beginning of a political career. Since the censorship was the most prestigious of all offices, usually only former consuls were elected to it. During this period, the dictator's power over the Roman government was absolute, as they were not checked by any institution or magistrate. [30] Any expenditure of public funds, by either a curule aedile or a plebeian aedile, had to be authorized by the senate. The result was that private citizens ended up with consular and praetorian imperium, without actually holding either office. Found inside – Page 83Ali Ahmed 23-3-50 District Magistrate , Dacca . 2 . Niaz Ahmed , C.S.P. 29-12-51 Director - General of Agriculture , East Pakistan . District Magistrate ... Deborah Smith is president of the Federal Magistrate Judges Association. Thus, dictatorial appointments were tantamount to a six-month restoration of the monarchy, with the dictator taking the place of the old Roman king. They had the power over public games and shows, and over the markets. In 2020, Donald Trump published 69 executive orders (from EO 13902 through EO 13970). Magistrate in group A category status with judicial powers are known as first class magistrate . This ranking, however, was solely a result of their prestige, rather than any real power they had. Special Judicial Magistrate Jurisdiction & Hierarchy of Criminal Courts in India Only Roman citizens (both plebeians and patricians) had the right to confer magisterial powers (potestas) on any individual magistrate. Found inside – Page 549Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes ... B. District Revenue Officer C. Additional District Magistrate D. District ... [40][41] The dictator's power over the Roman government was absolute, as they were not checked by any institution or magistrate. While the term "plebeian magistrate" (magistratus plebeii) has been used as an approximation, it is technically a contradiction. Any action taken in spite of a valid provocatio was on its face illegal.[39]. This week, the firm welcomed six new summer associates, each with a diverse range of backgrounds, skills and interests to contribute the firm’s program. [11] Omens could be discovered while observing the heavens, while studying the flight of birds, or while studying the entrails of sacrificed animals. If they disobeyed the dictator, they could be forced out of office. These are not the powers conferrable on the Executive Magistrate though they may be conferred on others like the Commissioner of Police u/s 20 Sub-section (5). 10. Location. Click a name to view their profile on the Supreme Court Library Queensland website. He is not required to do touring in the district but stays at the headquarters to supervise the work of the office. Later, a law (one of the Leges Clodiae or "Clodian Laws") allowed a citizen to appeal a censorial nota. [10] While in Rome, all citizens had an absolute protection against Coercion. Found inside – Page xxivProcedure ' Police officer, on receipt of information of death, gives intimation to the nearest Executive Magistrate empowered to hold inquests.3 ... While components of public administration were delegated to other magistrates, the management of the government was under the ultimate authority of the consul. The High Court then dealt with the structure of Section 21 and pointed out that the Special Executive Magistrate appointed u/s 21 can have only the powers which are conferrable, and not the powers conferred by the Code since the term ‘conferred’ has not been used in the section. The Summer Associate program at Bricker & Eckler is a long and valued tradition. Defined narrowly, imperium simply gave a magistrate the authority to command a military force. [6] After they were elected, they were granted imperium powers by the assembly. The appointment of Special Executive Magistrates is one thing and conferment of power on them is another. Special Executive Magistrates : Section – 21. [20] Other praetors had foreign affairs-related responsibilities, and often acted as governors of the provinces. This ranking flipped every month, between the two consuls. [11], One check over a magistrate's power was collegiality (collega), which required that each magisterial office be held concurrently by at least two people. The two individuals have nothing to do with public tranquillity or breach of peace. Found inside – Page 584Clause 3 says : -- Every establishment list prepared { under sub ... Section 14 says : — The district magistrate shall , after ascertaining the opinion ... is aimed as persons who cause a reasonable apprehension of conduct likely to lead to a breach, of peace or a disturbance of public tranquillity. But in the instant case, the dispute is primarily between a landlord and a tenant. The doctors, both under AYUSH and CHS, render service to patients and on this core aspect, there is nothing to distinguish them. [23] Censors were elected by the assembly of Roman Soldiers, the Centuriate Assembly, usually after the new consuls and praetors for the year began their term. It has been pointed out that the functions of the Executive Magistrates under the new Code are going to be so limited that it would not warrant the creation of a separate class of Executive Magistrates for performing particular functions or in a particular area. The aim of the section as evinced in its language should be ascertained and the provision should be so construed so as to effectuate the purpose of the legislation. [29] The Plebeian Council (principal popular assembly), under the presidency of a plebeian tribune, elected the two plebeian aediles. [27] Censors had several other duties as well, including the management of public contracts and the payment of individuals doing contract work for the state. [26] Once a census was complete, a purification ceremony (the lustrum) was performed by a censor, which typically involved prayers for the upcoming five years. A magistrate's imperium was at its apex while the magistrate was abroad. Each is independent of the other. They do not cease to be Executive Magistrates by being called with different designation.

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